Critique Organisational Design To Support Decision Making In Complex Environments

Main Body

Few years back, Samsung was just a firm manufacturing parts for the other electronic manufacturers. On the personal level, they used to manufacture inexpensive electronic goods. Even the prices were to be decided by marketers. But the firm lacked the innovation in designs which was setting it back as compared to its competitors (Van Der Vegt And et.al., 2015). Then, in 1996, the top management of  firm decided to set up a strategy that would enable its engineers to design and develop a good and innovative product line. It will help organisation to improve the performance of the firm on a wider scale. By 21^st century, Samsung was a leading firm in the technological sector with many patents and designs at its names. This approach has helped the firm to increase, not only the performance as an organisation but also the revenue generation, good will with its stake holders and customer satisfaction level. Samsung is known for introducing many technological advanced products and services for its customers, that has supported the firm to gain an effective market position.

However, gaining these feats was not an easy task for the firm. The change management measures and implementation of technological advancement faced many challenges for the deep rooted management practices that impacted development process of the firm to a greater extent. There have been many key factors for the organisation that influence the operational capability of cited technological giant to a greater extent. The standards for engineering and technologies set by management of Samsung was required to be maintained with company's core ideology to develop a good product for its customers. While planning for an innovation, the effective assessment of the organisational structure is required to be made in order to facilitate a smooth and non-restrictive information flow. Better assessment of these informations and knowledge have helped a lot in improving the work process and systems within the firm (Mok, Shen and Yang, 2015).

Other than this, the implementation of these stage has helped the technological entity to adopt a better interaction process with its customers, stake holders and developers. The interaction or communication that was carried out helped Samsung to identify the needs and scope of development as well as improvement that was required to be made within its product line. The decision making was however with the top management, which was completely supportive to the development team but the managerial practices that were to be followed within organisation was a major hindrance for company to go for innovation.

Some major challenges for the designers and developers at Samsung are as follows :

• Uncertainty of success: When Samsung was planning the adoption of innovative and latest designing strategies within organisation, despite the constant support from management, the firm was not sure about the success of these measures. The lack of market security was the major challenge that was faced by Samsung management.
• Risk of stake holders drawing back: the uncertainty has been observed by the stake holder too. The risk of failure and very meagre chances of getting return of interest from the investing in innovation and design development created a condition of stake holder pulling back their support from firm (Cummings and Worley, 2014).
• Managerial issues: the managers too had to look after the adoption of effective innovative measures and manage the operations within organisation during this phase in an effective manner. They have the responsibility of managing the conflicts within the firm, retain organisational knowledge and skills, gaining proper support for the development of strategies and support an effective decision making.

This can be said that the globalisation and technical innovation make the company expose to competition and thus impact a decision making to a greater level. This influences a greater range of areas like product life cycle, competitive advantage enjoyed by the firm and return of investment by stake holders (Qrunig and Qrunig, 2016.).

Besides this, there are certain factors that impact the overall performance of the firm to a greater extent and thus were effectively managed by Samsung.

These factors are been classified under following five categories:

• Goals and Strategies: the goal to improve innovation ideology and the effective strategy that is been implemented within the firm is the major factor that effect decision making by an organisational structure of Samsung. The developing and implementation of an effective and precise strategy has helped the technological giant to be a significant market leader.
• Environmental factors: the work or operational environment too played a very crucial role in setting up of innovation and design development strategies within the firm. The internal factors like logistics operations marketing etc and external environmental elements like political, economic and technological factors had a major part in setting of the organisational structure of Samsung and its decision making process for better growth and development (Shepherd, Williams and Patzelt, 2015). The major advantage of accessing and analysing the environmental factors have helped the technological giant to increase their operations and thus increase the innovation capacity of firm. However, they have an adverse impact too. The failure to meet the environmental factors may lay an impact on the operations executed by the firm.
• Size and life cycle: The organisational size and the product life cycle that is been followed by Samsung will help in assessing the qualities and operations that will help in improving the decision making of the organisation to a greater and wider extent. This will help in making an organisational design that will help in increasing the effectiveness of the technological giant (Remington and Pollack, 2016). As the cited entity is on of the major firm in technological sector, the size or scope of operation will be bigger than compared to that of their rivals. Similarly, the effective execution of product life cycle will help the firm to increase their performance and thus help in meeting of targeted goals and operations. This will be beneficial for the firm for developing a good strategy and an innovative product. But, on the other hand, it also impacts the performance of the firm. The operational capacity and strategic planning for organisational development is required to be fulfilled and managed effectively in order to maintain the efficiency of firm for decision making.
• Organisational technologies: Samsung is a technological firm that is well known for the technical innovation and developing of the products and services that will help in increasing the effectiveness of the organisation to make the suitable decision making regarding the development of innovations and thus facilitating a meeting of the targeted goals and actions that will help in improving market share, developing an effective product line and meeting customers needs and demands in a better way. This approach not only helps in increasing the overall efficiency of organisation but also allow the firm to have a suitable exposure to research and development in order to come up with the latest tools and techniques (Eastman, 2018). The major advantage is that it will give out the firm with a clear insight and aim to decide the measures that will be followed within the organisation for increasing the efficiency and core compatibility. However, any sort of technical shortcomings or drawback may lead to serious consequences for the firm as well as its stake holders. For instance, the Galaxy Note 7 was one of the flagship product of Samsung. However, some incidents of overheating of device and blasting of batteries created a negative market for the product, caused the firm to call back all the products. It not only affected companies market share but also tarnished the brand image.
• Organisational culture: the culture or the work environment that is been followed at the workplace is one of the major factor that impact the organisational design structure and decision making. This was the major factor that impacted the executions of operations and meeting of targeted goals in a better way.  This is required to be managed in an effective manner. When Samsung was about to adopt the innovative design strategy, despite having a support from top management of the firm, the design and innovation engineer team faced the restrictions and hindering from the management cultural practices that were deeply imbibed within the organisation (Skelcher and Smith, 2015). The managers and directors working over the project has to take a convincing measures to make them understand that the strategy and scope of innovation is good for the firm. And thus, this approach yielded the positive result to firm. Besides this, the major decision which was taken by Samsung management was that they will develop the component's and raw material on in house level rather than importing them. This approach not only proved beneficial for the firm on financial grounds but also helped in improving the efficiency of firm to meet their customers requirements. On the other hand, the mishandling of the organisational culture may lead to inappropriate decision-making. For example, when founders of Android developed the OS, they approached Samsung to collaborate but the company management denied the proposal and the deal went to Google, who realised its market potential and used it. Now, Android has emerged as a major smartphone platform.

All this factors lead the firm to adopt and implement the innovative, design focused strategy that has helped the form to increase the core compatibility of the firm (Bryson, 2018.). Other than this, it improves the brand image and effectiveness of the organisation on a higher level. 

The implementation of design focused strategy is been a beneficial and effective approach for the firm that has improved the actions and activities and thus help in meeting of the actions and operations to a better extent. The factors that are been identified for the development of a good and innovative product s and services form the firm (Ferrell and Fraedrich, 2015). However, the product and services are required to be managed and handled with the effective caution in order to mitigate the chances of loss related to them. The management of firm will develop an innovative and effective frame work that will support a good rise in handling the needs and demands of their customers from a wider spectrum and guide the research and development team of Samsung Group to come up with effective ideas and handling of operations and activities on a higher scale.

The importance of addressing these factors or operations are as follows:

• Goals and strategies: These factors are needed to be addressed in an effective way in order to maintain the brand image and operational requirements of the firm. Addressing this factors will help Samsung to make a strategic plan for a better growth and development within the firm. Other than this, the meeting of these operations will support a good handling of the business activities that will support a good rise in effectiveness of the firm. The deep assessment of the market conditions, customer requirements and technological advancement trends ongoing within the market will help in suitable access of the insight related to the setting of design focused strategy and adopting suitable measures to improve the efficiency of firm (Bolman and Deal, 2017). Besides this, these methods of addressing the factor will contribute a lot in growth of an organisation and thus will help in implementing the effective strategy for the firm.
• Environmental factors: the micro and macro environmental factors are very necessary to be evaluated and accessed in order to facilitate a good management of the operations and activities within an organisation that will help in superior growth and development of the cited technical giant. Other than this, the assessment of the environmental factors will also help in improving the core compatibility and smooth execution of business activities and meeting of the targeted operations and meeting of the business activities to a greater extent. This will be accessed using the SWOT, PESTLE, Porter 5 force model etc (Pettigrew, 2014).
• Size and Life cycle: the size of the firm will be dependent on the extent of its efficiency of performing to a greater extent. The efficiency of Samsung to carry out the business operations and thus will cause the firm to improve the performance of the firm to a greater extent. The scale of operational capability will help in increasing the effectiveness of the organisation to a greater extent. Similarly, the assessment of the product life cycle will support the firm to take the suitable measures and follow certain concepts that will increase the innovation capacity of the firm.
• Organisational technologies: As Samsung is a technological firm, it has to carry out the effective assessment of the technologies or the methodologies related to the development of the innovative products and services within the firm. Other than this, the organisation has to look after the placing and adoption of the latest techniques for the development of new product or services in an effective and innovative way. The assessment of the business operations and the functions that are been performed by the firm will help development of new products in improving the customer satisfaction level and portfolio of the firm. Regular technical assessment and market trends will be beneficial in this case. Besides this, the research and development team and engineers can constantly work upon the increase in business activities (Endsley, 2016.).
• Organisational culture: the effective improvement in organisational culture will help the organisation to increase the performance of the firm. On the major side, the organisational culture of the firm will help the organisation to improve the performance of the organisation that will support execution of the business activities within the organisation that will help in meeting of the targeted operations. The management of the technological giant as to be adoptive to new and innovative business processes that will be beneficial for the firm by increasing the performance vectors of the firm to a greater extent. Besides this, the organisation will help in good growth and rise in meeting of the aims and objectives that are been set within the firm.

Various lessons are to be taken in consideration by a business organisation that will help in meeting of the operations and thus will help in suitable management ass well as adoption of the activities and measures that will help in suitable management of an organisation. Like Samsung group, any firm can adopt the business strategies and thus will help in the effective assessment of the organisation that will help in good assessment of the business activities and thus meeting of innovative measures (Govindan and et.al., 2015).

The application of design focused approach has following benefits:

• The in house competency to develop and design the product by its own rather than importing the good s and operations will help organisation to meet and handle the business activities to a greater extent.
• The assessment of the micro and macro environmental factors have been beneficial for the risk evaluation and mitigation approach this will help in raising the work efficiency of the firm. Apart from this, it will also support the better planning of resources.
• The adoption of the different design measures and innovation will help the firm to be ready for the future and get the resources related to the development of new and the latest product and services, prior to their demand.
• The increasing in support of engineers and innovators within the firm will help any organisation to have the susceptibility to open a new market scope that will help in good rise in the operational capability and revenue generation of the company.  

As Samsung is a project based organisation, the management of the firm has to maintain a good relationship with its stake holders, investors and customers. This will also help the organisation to improve the core compatibility of the organisation on the wider scale. This will help the organisation to have good access to various resources, adopting the latest technologies and methodologies and increase the flexibility of the organisation. An effective following of these measures will also involve the using of supply chain management within a business organisation that will help in effective rise in the capacity of any business organisation to meet the customer's needs and demands (Thompson, 2017).

The application of these measures will help in improving the performance of any business organisation that will help in improving the activities and performance of the organisation to a greater extent. Other than this, the rise in the operation will help the business entity operating in any sector to have the suitable management of business activities and thus will support a good rise in increasing capability and innovation design within a business enterprise.

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CONCLUSION

On the basis of critical evaluation of the design focused strategies within the organisation, this is been classified that the effective implementation of the business activities and other key factors support a good rise in the operations and business activities that will help in effective rise in business operations and thus facilitates a good management of innovation in technological giant, Samsung.  The assessment of different critical stakeholder engagement process and other activities will help in suitable rise in operational capability of a firm.

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REFERENCES

• Thompson, J.D., 2017. Organizations in action: Social science bases of administrative theory. Routledge.
• Govindan, K. and et.al., 2015. Multi criteria decision making approaches for green supplier evaluation and selection: a literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 98, pp.66-83.
• Pettigrew, A.M., 2014. The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge.
• Endsley, M.R., 2016. Designing for situation awareness: An approach to user-centered design. CRC press.
• Bolman, L.G. and Deal, T.E., 2017. Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
• Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015. Business ethics: Ethical decision making & cases. Nelson Education.
• Bryson, J.M., 2018. Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. John Wiley & Sons.
• Skelcher, C. and Smith, S.R., 2015. Theorizing hybridity: Institutional logics, complex organizations, and actor identities: The case of nonprofits. Public administration, 93(2), pp.433-448.

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